Law of Offer and Acceptance

Law of Offer and Acceptance Offer and Acceptance are the procedure by which a purchaser and a merchant make a lawful agreement. This procedure starts when a potential purchaser makes an offer. At that point, the dealer can acknowledge it, dismiss it, or reject it and makes a counter offer. At that point the purchaser has similar choices. At the point when one gathering acknowledges the different partys offer or counter offer, and imparts that acknowledgment to the contribution party, an agreement is made. In my task, Im going to clarify the standards of offer and acknowledgment in the development of a substantial agreement. At the point when two gatherings choses to get in an agreement, the principal thing that comes is the offer. The offer can be cash or anything of significant worth in return for execution by the other party. An offer is characterized as a declaration of ability to contract on certain standing, made with the expectation that it will get official when it is acknowledged by the individual to whom it is tended to. An offer is a revelation of the terms on which the offeror is happy to be bound. The offer can come in types of a letter, a paper, a site, a fax, an email, or a conduct. The offer isn't generally a proposal until the offeree gets it, it is the correspondence of offers. This implies nobody can be limited by a proposal of which they don't know (Taylor v Laird, 1856). A significant differentiation must be made between an offer and a challenge to treat. A challenge to treat is a fundamental proclamation communicating an eagerness to get offers. Its a pre-offer correspondence. In Harvey v Facey, a greeting by the proprietor of property that the individual in question may be keen on selling at a specific cost, so this is an encouragement to treat. Proclamations of greeting are just planned to request offers from individuals and are not proposed to bring about any prompt restricting commitment. The showcase of products available to be purchased, sell-offs, or adverts is usually rewarded as an encouragement to treat and not an offer. At the point when merchandise are in plain view in a self-administration shop or in a shop window, it is an encouragement to treat. For instance, Pharmaceutical society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists Ltd where the proposal to buy is made at the money work area by the buyer and the shop is allowed to acknowledge or dismiss this offer. In any case, barters are a challenge to treat, each offer is a proposal to buy the parcel at the value offered and acknowledgment happens at the fall of the salespeople hammer. English Car Auctions v Wright where they were prosecuted for offering an unroadworthy vehicle available to be purchased however there were just a challenge to treat as the vehicle was not offered available to be purchased. Furthermore, much of the time promotions are a challenge to treat (Partridge v Crittenden, 1968). Be that as it may, if the ad incorporates a one-sided offer, it is considered as an offer. One-sided offer is made when one gathering vows to pay the other a whole cash (or to do some other demonstration) if the other will accomplish something (or refrain from doing as such) without making any vows with that impact. For instance, Carlil v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company Ltd which was a one-sided offer to the world on the loose. Then again, reciprocal offer is made when at any ra te two individuals or gatherings trade a guarantee for a guarantee. Acknowledgment is a last and inadequate articulation of consent to the details of an offer. Acknowledgment must be imparted by the offeree to the offeror in the way mentioned by or inferred in the offer. Second, the acknowledgment must be clear, unequivocal, and unrestricted. As acknowledgment, must meet similar terms of the proposal to be substantial, the accompanying answer that recommend new terms in the offer is characterized as a counter offer. Acknowledgment has no impact until it is imparted to the offeror, quiet can never build up an acknowledgment (Felthouse v Bindley, 1863). It tends to be finished from direct without being deliberately conveyed (Brogden v Metropolitan Railway Co, 1877). For the most part, acknowledgment can be in any structure as long as it is transmitted to the offeree, if the offer determines a strategy for acknowledgment, (for example, by return of post, by fax or by message) and the offeree utilizes an alternate technique there is no agreement (Eliason v Henshaw, 1819). What's more, if the offer doesnt specify a particular strategy for acknowledgment that implies the correspondence of acknowledgment should made by a similarly rapid technique. Acknowledgment by present is a special case on the general standard that acknowledgment must go to the consideration of the offeror before it is legitimate (Adams v Lindsell, 1818). For the postal guideline to apply, first the offeror demands an acknowledgmen t by post or acknowledgment by post can be an ordinary, sensible or foreseen methods for acknowledgment (Henthorn v Fraser, 1892). Furthermore, the letter of acknowledgment ought to be appropriately stepped and tended to (Re London Northern Bank, 1990). Thirdly, the letter of acknowledgment must be posted in the control of the Post Office (Brinkibon v Stahag Stahl, 1983); and in the last spot, the utilization of postal guideline must not make any components of burden and idiocy (Holwell Securities v Hughes, 1974). Goes to the prompt correspondence of acknowledgment which are for all intents and purposes strategies, for example, phone discussions, they are considered similarly as eye to eye individual discussions. In this way, the acknowledgment is affirmed when and where it is gotten (Entores v Miles Far East Corporation, 1955). Agreements are utilized mostly in business circumstances, yet additionally for individual circumstances. While the two players must get a reasonable incentive for an agreement to be substantial, they may not get similar advantages. Law of agreement is the law administering people groups understandings and commitments. To run a general public easily a functioning working framework is fundamental. On the off chance that there is no an incentive in a guarantee made by individual to someone else, the progressing idea of a general public will be ended. Consequently, if it is highly unlikely to authorize a guarantee or recuperate harms happened by accepting such guarantee individuals will fear such guarantees and the advancement will be blocked. Law of agreement is significant in light of the fact that it gives a significance and enforceability to a guarantee. Word check: 1039 Thought is a basic component for the development of an agreement. It is either a guarantee to play out an ideal demonstration or a guarantee to forgo doing a demonstration that one is lawfully qualified for do. Thought is something of significant worth given by the two players to get that incorporates them to enter the consent to trade shared exhibitions. In a reciprocal agreement, an understanding by which the two players trade common guarantees, each guarantee is viewed as adequate thought for the other. In one-sided contract, an understanding by which one gathering makes a guarantee in return for the others execution, the presentation is thought for the guarantee, while the guarantee is thought for the exhibition (Currie v Misa, 1875). There are two unique guidelines of thought; first thought must move from the promisee implies that an individual to whom a guarantee was made can authorize that guarantee just on the off chance that they have themselves given the thought to it. The guarantee can't be authorized if the thought moved from an outsider (Tweddle v Atkinson, 1861). What's more, the subsequent guideline, thought must not be past, have three unique kinds of thought: executory, executed and past thought. Executory thought starts where guarantees are traded to perform acts later on, this is a reciprocal agreement and is enforceable. Executed thought starts where one individual plays out a demonstration so as to achieve a guarantee made by the other, this is a one-sided contract. Past thought is the thought for a guarantee must be given in kind for that guarantee (Re Mc Ardle, 1951). As we realize that thought is trade of common exhibitions, in this situation we realize that James fixed his neighbors vehicle on Sundays or Mondays. We cannot have any significant bearing contemplations rules as we dont realize what James is receiving consequently of his exhibition. We just recognize what James vows to represent Simone yet we dont know whether Simone guarantees anything back. Along these lines, for me, there is no thought in light of the fact that there is just a single individual playing out the demonstration and we dont think about the other one. Expectation to make legitimate relations is an understanding which isn't bound to be lawfully official; there are a few understandings that ought to be lawfully enforceable and those which ought not. They are separated into three classifications, social and local understandings, business understandings, and notice. In social and local understandings, there is no aim to make lawful relations, for example, understandings among a couple are assumed not to make lawful relations expect if the understanding itself expresses that it does (Balfour v Balfour, 1919) or understandings among guardians and youngsters shouldn't make legitimate relations (Jones v Padavatton, 1969). With regards to understandings made between parties who share a residence however are not related, at that point the court thinks about all the conditions of the understanding. They are bound to see the aim as legitimately bound where cash has changed hands (Simpkins v Pays, 1955). Business understandings are dared to ma ke lawful relations, yet they can be countered uniquely by expressing plainly in the agreement (Rose Franck Co v Crompton Bros Ltd, 1925). Understandings which has all the earmarks of being unnecessary in nature, for example, ex gratia installment (Edwards v Skyways, 1969). It doesn't make a difference to comfort letters which are considered as an announcement instead of a legally binding guarantee (Kleinwort Benson Ltd v Malaysian Mining Corporation, 1989), or to understandings which are built up to be authoritative in respect just (Jones v Vernons Pools, 1938). Goes to the promotions, they not make any lawful relations. An announcement won't be authoritative if the court thinks about that it was not truly implied (Weeks v Tybald, 1605). Lawful connection must be made in business understanding, commercial or understanding where cash is traded. In this situation, there is no goal to make legitimate relat

Mobile Device Software In Diabetes Health And Social Care Essay

To break down the striking qualities and measure grounds logically for the effectivity of mHealth designing and results in diabetes patients self-administration around the universe. Strategies: A thorough electronic reappraisal was done through writing chases identified with diabetes migrant applications, recorded in computerized library, ProQuest, PubMed, Google Scholar, web of logical order, distributed since 2007. Procedure utilized in looking for writing will incorporate terms/equivalents: migrant telephone ; SmartPhone ; Apps ; Cellular telephone ; and diabetes bearing. We studied the undermentioned features:1. Conduct changes, 2. The board: 2.1 Blood glucose, 2.2 Weight, 2.3 Diet, 2.4 Insulin and medication, 2.5 Blood power per unit region, 2.6 Physical movement, 3. Instruction. A Meta-investigation was directed for surveies with HbA1c steps. Results: Around 40 articles distinguished and screened for recovery from ISI distribution, of which 18 satisfied the decision guidelines. Test sizes for this review ran from 11 to 37695 patients matured 7 to 70 mature ages old. Mediation continuation ranges from 1 to 12months. Critical improvements found in HbA1c and their life style.Decision:We discover spreads between the usefulness utilized in overview interventions and proof based proposals. Observing, Health updates and guidance using itinerant building essentially better the diabetes wellness.KeywordsSmartPhone, mHealth, Diabetes Care, Mobile designing, Blood glucose.IntroductionMobile designing has been significantly embraced around the world1,2. Report assesses that â€Å" planetary Mobile informations traffic will build multiple times somewhere in the range of 2011 and 2016 † . By the terminal of that cut period, it is anticipated that there will be 10billion traveling gadgets in utilization around the world3. Versati le designing is the quickest turning part of interchanges industry in low pay countries4,5. Electronic clinical and individual wellbeing records develop as traveling telephone building keeps on spreading out ; for interminable illness course migrant telephones become important1. Albeit a few strategies for quiet consideration have been acceptable set up to better clinical profile and intricacies related with DM, effectivity of new mediations stays to be evaluated6. The purpose of this review is to put the striking qualities and measure grounds experimentally for the effectivity of mHealth building and results in diabetes understanding ‘s self-administration around the universe. Diabetess mellitus is a typical, constant bombshell of insulin transformation, described by perseveringly raised blood glucose degrees. The microvascular hurt that results influences neurological guide, the kidneys and chest and by means of medias fringe blood gracefully. Wiped out people are at expanded danger of visual perception hurt, nephritic disappointment, shot and chest assault. Two significant signifiers of the status are perceived. Type 1 diabetes is brought about via immune system intervened pancreatic damage and orderly loss of insulin creation. In the Type 2 status, insulin creation might be unaffected yet the endocrine can't appropriately energize cells to utilize go arounding glucose, a wonder named insulin resistance. Key intercession finishes in diabetes are to standardize blood glucose degrees and chop down modifiable peril factors for cardiovascular infection. Where insulin creation proceeds ( Type 2 diabetes ) beginning treatment may focus on conduct mediations to adjust consume less calories and advance weight reduction. Medication treatment comprises of helper insulin ( the column for Type 1 diabetes ) and specialists that chop down fringe insulin opposition.MethodsDatas Beginnings Electronic chases were led to put efficient trial and spot randomized controlled clinical tests ( RCTs ) . Looked was done through writing chases identified with diabetes migrant applications, recorded in computerized library, ProQuest, PubMed, Google Scholar, web of logical control, distributed since 2007. Technique utilized in looking for writing will incorporate terms/equivalents: migrant telephone ; SmartPhone ; Apps ; Cellular telephone ; and diabetes bearing. Study principles We overviewed the undermentioned features:1. Social modifications, 2. The board: 2.1 Blood glucose, 2.2 Weight, 2.3 Diet, 2.4 Insulin and medication, 2.5 Blood power per unit territory, 2.6 Physical action, 3. Instruction. A Meta-examination was directed for surveies with HbA1c steps. Information extraction To pull out discoveries require informations extraction in a reliable mode. It empowers in this manner information combination and interpretation7. Made spreadsheet configuration to come in applicable informations which was removed from distributed paper, for example, Writers, twelvemonth of distribution, overview scene, test size, study configuration, age gathering, race, and continuation of mediation, results, technique for self-administration, intervention inside informations, and revealed outcomes were surveyed. Meta-analysisStandards for executing a meta-analysisA subgroup/meta-investigation will be performed if at least three surveies are distinguished that fulfill the principles and factual preliminaries for homogeneousness. Homogeneity of mediation class type and result will be a vital standard for speaking to a subgroup. Further division by segment highlights and diabetes type will be just thought of if the gathering is of clinical/down to earth importance and if there are equivalent Numberss of surveies to make so. Subgroups will be established at a member level by including all pertinent surveies. On the off chance that farther informations is required, for outline, to have the option to partition out an exceptional patient gathering from informations that are accounted for in pooled signifier inside a review so we will arrive at the overview authors for explanation. On the off chance that this data can non be acquired so the review will be rejected. The center proportion of the effic ient writing reappraisal is Data investigation. It includes move uping and total uping informations removed from essential studies7.ConsequencesFeatures of included surveies In the underlying reappraisal, around 40 articles were screened. Subsequent to aside from surveies that did non run into the qualification measures, 18 surveies were checked on seriously. Of them, surveies took topographic point in a few states including UK8,9,14, Italy9,14, Spain9,12,14, Australia10,14, New Zealand10, Korea11,14, multi focus ( Germany, India, Canada ) 11, US11,14, Norway13,15,17, multi focus ( Iran, Finland ) 14, Indiana16. Patients were selected from essential centers, third clinics and network scenes. Figure 1 shows the decision of surveies.Figure 1 †Documents picked for the review of diabetes consideration and bearing using traveling telephone engineeringsOf the 18 surveies, 6 were rejected due non-accessibility of clinical informations, 12 were randomized controlled tests. The insignificant duration of intervention in these surveies was multi month and maximum restriction of a year. Test size ran from 11 to 37695 patients at the terminal of the subsequent p eriod and all surveies included the two guys and females. Sexual orientation was dispersed about each piece in all the surveies. Members were matured 7-70 mature ages old. Approach of migrant telephone mediation Cell phone mediation in this review demonstrated arranged mechanical developments. Six of the surveies created bundle or an application plan for diabetes care management8,9,10,12,15,19. The others utilized bing migrant telephone designing to flexibly bolster for self-checking blood glucose, guidance, diet, working out, and medication adjustment18 Among the 18 surveies, 2 utilized a roaming telephone Short Message Service ( SMS ) to introduce blood glucose preliminary outcomes and self-administration information8,10. These surveies embraced a short message administration altogether, or SMS joined with other intervention plans, which included passing on self-checked blood glucose to cell phone by means of a Bluetooth radio nexus. Applications developed as a recognizable bundle class in 2008 when Apple, Inc. propelled its iPhone App Store, an on-line storehouse from which applications might be downloaded for nothing or bought. While the class is new, tweaked bundle for shopper Mobile gadgets †pre-cell phone migrant telephones and individual computerized assistants †as of now existed. In any case, the iPhone was the first of another coevals of ‘convergence ‘ gadgets incorporating qualities of an itinerant telephone with that of an individualized computing machine, the apogee of a propensity of expanding illumination in both conventional Mobiles and electronic individual advanced assistants ( PDA ) . Since the 2007 dispatch of the iPhone there has been quick improvement of cell phones and applications. All major traveling gadget creators currently offer their ain App Store-counterparts. In add-on, applications are presently being made accessible on other versatile figuring machines and tabl ets and are probably going to convey to customary work area computers23. On one of level of depiction, a wellbeing application is only one of a few potential bringing techniques for the conduct constituents of a self-care intervention thus characterizes ( bit of ) the setting of those constituents ( Figure 1.3 ) . In any case, multifunction bundle might be fit for back uping a few components of intervention content that would ordinarily hold characterized particular constituents. Our checking reappraisal proposes that application based constituents be given to be a predominant trademark for which different constituents play back uping capacities ( for representation by providing achievements to use the application ) . We along these lines experience it other than right to recognize a class of ‘app-based mediations ‘ where an application is the main offices of substance bringing. Why it is of import to make this reappraisal Applications may offer a potential low-valued answer for back uping self-care mediations. For strategy shapers and clinicians there is an interest to comprehend whether this is an intervention class that can be considered for certifiable use. No re

Integrated Sustainable Design In Quadrant †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Talk about the Integrated Sustainable Design In Quadrant. Answer: Presentation An incorporated methodology that involves breaking down different parameters in a set up framework utilizing the four-quadrant strategy to be specific: individual involvement with (the main quadrant); execution in the subsequent quadrant; System setting in the third quadrant and in conclusion, social qualities in the last quadrant. The slides give a topical conversation where different parameters in every point are tended to compactly utilizing the referenced mapping procedure. Sustainable power source Sustainable power source innovations are greatly discussed nowadays. Maybe because of the way that it so a basic issue that no structure configuration would wish it away. Precise methodology gives a way to adequately utilize the most proficient renewables: Increasingly basic ones are sun powered and wind advancements Appropriate for such homes as quantifiable profit Requires appropriate administration to bridle the advantages Supports different administrations like water gracefully that require controlling henceforth a determinant for the creation and upkeep of a maintainable domain Water frameworks Essentially, paying little mind to the source, must guarantee that there is proficient use as such factors as vitality use may rely upon it To guarantee a manageable equalization in the utilization and waste water, infer the day by day utilization system Elective wellsprings of water gracefully a section from the neighborhood chamber, could be from water and underground water Tempest water and sewerage the board must help reasonable water utilize and reuse Additionally squander water particularly from wet zones should successfully be recuperated thus treatment plants to be obliged inside the premises Solace and low vitality molding frameworks This is accomplished by joining the fringe standards; inward parlors, the u-formed arrangement; unmistakable scenes, for example, the storm cellar stopping territory among others Open domain must be articulated as a way to support the social nearness of the structure The ground plan initiation is given where understudy experience is supported. Along these lines, closeness to other social courtesies, for example, library, city and building entryway are the sign of social solace and molding frameworks Low vitality conditions are made conceivable by guaranteeing configuration bolsters the common settings maximumly Atmosphere and Climatic Changes For this situation, we take a gander at issues of environmental change that may affect adversely or decidedly on the plan of the structure. Among the parameters that are straightforwardly influenced by environmental change include: Waste is a significant parameter for this situation. We realize that climatic conditions can have genuine repercussions on the structure if not appropriately done. Sadly, once in a while this has been somewhat insecure to impeccably actualize as changing climatic conditions become progressively flighty. In this way, in organizing social qualities, positive alleviation plans are expected to guarantee less effects is stretched out to the structure once finished. Mapping of the climatic zones should be possible all the time in order to appreciate the evolving designs. This thusly takes us to the information dependence. Building Envelopes Cladding materials are utilized so as to guarantee that there is inside protection and security while guaranteeing the structure faade and feel between connect with the normal settings Cladding materials choice must be couple with the fundamental prerequisite that presentation ought to be blameless This must be viewed as dependent on the usefulness of the structure Building envelopes must help highlights, for example, security; wellbeing and social connection Suggestion On the botched chances The I.S.D execution must be both procedure and result arranged Utilize clear quantitative just as subjective techniques to set up best evaluating execution for the structure. Indeed, a large portion of the evaluation is investigative making it harder to set up an able rating framework Consolidate all the aspects required to guarantee a maintainable structure plan and improvement Future achievement The methodology is progressively adjusted to the rising issues as it will in general location them both as an independent and in mix with others. Consequently it very well may be utilized to help with setting up and correcting frameworks to accommodate with the rising patterns like environmental change

Strategic Analysis Of The Automobile Industry Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

1. INTRODUCTION The automobile industry involves large capital for a minor decision to be made. Making decisions can be difficult because there are many competitors and one wrong selection can cause immense failure. The victory of any firm in this industry depends on the sales of the vehicles, meeting the customer demands and overall control and management of the finance with appropriate implementations. A total of 6 manufacturing firms were competing in the industry with variety of vehicle class. Each firm had a management team according to the Stratsim programme. The teams had to formulate strategies and make decisions for period 2 to 5. This programme had two basic objectives; to manage the short cash flow for a positive return for the shareholders and to adapt to the changing environment so as to manage long term returns to the shareholders. This report illustrates the analysis of firm A(amazing cars)with the strategic decisions and goals of the automobile industry according to the team 2. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW Initially, the economy was fairly stable with the reasonable gas prices the demand for vehicles had increased creating opportunities for the manufacturers to have maximum vehicles sales. All the firms started at the same level which gave all he firms a fair chance to compete in the industry, creating market and value for their vehicles. 3. STRATEGIC ANALYSIS 3.1 INITIALLY STRATEGY Since all the firms had started on an equal ground, the main aim for firm A was to maximize the vehicle sales in order to overcome some of the debt by generating into existing markets for its vehicles with regard to positive customer feedbacks. Failure of any vehicle class would be discounted of produced in limited inventory while remaining resources can be used to develop and manufacture new/existing vehicle. 3.2 MISSION and VISION of Firm A (Amazing cars) Mission The mission was to develop quality cars in order to satisfy customer demands Vision The vision of the firm was to grow into the leading vehicle manufacture in the industry and produce a variety of other vehicles in the long run with competitive pricing so as to cover all the consumer market segments. 3.4 INTERNAL ANALYSIS 3.4.1 SWOT Strengths The team was working unanimously in all the decision making process by giving different strategies and various marketing, operational and technological tools to be used for the decisions. Our aim was to satisfy and overwhelm the customers by fulfilling the demand and requirements Weakness Decisions were made based on short- term returns thus causing financial loss at the end All the firms started at the same level with similar product specification, leaving no room monopoly of firm A The variety of the vehicles firm A offered was relatively less thus may not be meeting all the consumer market segments Weak financial position to start with as there was a debt and decision costs were high. 3.4.2 VRIO Value: initially the firm started with a positive cash flow to take the company forward. The decision to upgrade Alec and Alfa in period 2, was fruitful as it increased sales and there was a profit which helped to clear part of the debt Rareness: starting at the same level in the industry left rareness out of the box for firm A (amazing cars). The rareness came in the final decision when the new product AEV was launched, creating a need for it in the first three decisions made. Imitability: the imitability was relatively high in the programmes since any firm could duplicate other firms decisions because all the decisions were available on the web for the other firms to see. Thus there were high risk factors in the Stratsim programme. This programme had very little differentiating options to create uniqueness of the firms Organisation: the organisation started off well but due to mismanagement of the funds and weak strategic planning the decisions did not favour the organis ation resulting into the decline of the firms growth rate. At the end the firm had incurred a loss. (See appendix 1) The VRIO model was not practical at first due to the similar firm attributes in the industry but with the ongoing decisions and periods the model could come handy for firm A when undertaking strategies and decision making process. 3.5 EXTERNAL ANALYSIS 3.4.3 CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS Critical success factors are divided into two; threshold factors and differentiation factors. In the case of firm A (amazing cars), we have tried to concentrate on the basics like vehicle performance, safety and durability. Example for the family and economy vehicle, safety has been the main aspect and performance for the truck. The differentiating factors can be fuel efficiency and interiors because 5 of 6 firms are competing with the same vehicle class making it difficult to differentiate the vehicles from one another. 3.5.1 PESTEL ANALYSIS Political: the changing policies and government intervention on gas prices and pollution may cause the sales to drop because people may purchase fewer automobiles. Economical: financial crisis, economic instability and natural disasters may pop in anytime leaving the car industry in jeopardy. This is because cars are expensive and its not a necessity to have a luxurious automobile resulting into lower sales. Social: the change in taste and preference of the consumer may occur anytime due to the economic factors or rise in income which may lead to the demand of luxurious automobiles. Technological: the development in technology is increasing causing people to desire for new and eco friendly automobiles. The initial capital to manufacture cars is high thus the Firm may not be able to change and produce new cars all the time. Environmental: the automobile industry is always under great pressure as the gas emissions from these automobiles are harmful to the environment. In totality all aspects of pollution is covered like noise pollution is also another environmental factor which can and does affect the industry. Legal: the changing laws and regulations on traffic control and pollution may either favour the industry or not favour the firm thus causing a risk to the firm 3.5.2 SWOT analysis Opportunities Every firm started at the same level thus there was zero competition. Thus firm A had a fair chance to make its mark in the market with its strategies Firm A was manufacturing 3 vehicle class meaning that other market segments for the remaining vehicle class like AEV , minivan and luxury were untapped creating an opportunity for Firm A Appropriate use of the funds in research and development can lead to profitable long term returns. Threats Every firm had the advantage of being first mover in the industry since all the firms started at the same level making it a risk for Firm A. This is because the other firms can launch a new product before Firm A. Changing laws and regulations of the economy regarding gas emissions Economic instability like inflation and recession could lead to downfall in the vehicle market. The ongoing competition for the top manufacturer by the firms in the industry. 3.5.3 PORTERS FIVE FORCES Threats of new entrants: the threat of new entrants if low due to the high capital investment required for the manufacturing plant. Also the programme started at a fixed level allowing no liberty for new entrants Threat of substitutes: the threat of substitutes is low. 5 of 6 firms are producing similar products in industry and the period for competition is fairly less so there are very little options for substitutes. Manufacturing new product takes time so that is another contributing factor. Bargaining power of supplier: according to my knowledge car parts and necessities are manufactured by few specific suppliers for a single firm thus giving an upper hand to the suppliers. The other aspect it that there are very few suppliers in the overall industry making it difficult for a Firm to change/shift to other suppliers, therefore bargaining power of the suppliers is medium to high. Bargaining power of consumer: with 5 firms producing similar product in the market, the consu mers have their pick with the best vehicle available considering the major factors like price, quality, safety and efficiency. The bargaining power of the consumers can be a risk if other firms have competitive price range. Existing rivalry amongst firms: with the ongoing level of competition in the industry the existing firms are giving a stiff competition to Firm A. The fraction of differentiation between the vehicles is relatively less and the time frame of the programme limited product differentiation resulting in all the firms into using price differentiation strategy. Thus the existing rivalry is high in the industry 4. SIMULATION RESULTS Initially, in the first decision the management team upgraded 2 vehicles, Alec and Alfa. These were minor upgrades done in the area of interiors, safety, style and quality. The dealer were offered higher discount percentage so to increase sales and also dealerships in north and south were increased 10 and 20 respectively. The first decision brought significant profit and amazing cars was going on the right track. (Appendix 6.1) The family car did subsequently well and become the most preferred vehicle until period 4. The sales for both Alec and Alfa increased. Ace, the truck was upgraded in the 3RD period since the Firm had 2 development centre and only two products could be upgraded at the same time. In period 4, the sales dropped due to poor strategic planning. According to the decision in period 2, a new product was to be manufactured in period 4 but due to less funds and poor marketing decisions, the firm postponed the launch till period 5. This resulted into risk from other firms as firm D launched a car in period 4 using the first mover advantage. The team tried to market the products in the best way possible by increasing dealers in north, south and west regions so as to get maximum coverage. We also offered extra discount to the dealers which would motivate them to sell more vehicles in order to earn higher commission. In the technological aspect no new development centres where launched as the cost were really high. The team was not ready to take the risk which probably caused the decline at the end. The portfolio analysis shows the vehicles are between question mark and dogs implementing that the vehicles need to either be enhanced to suffice the customer needs or further decline may cease manufacturing one of the vehicles. (Appendix 6.10) The launch of two new vehicles Altima (AEV) and Acra (minivan) is expected to boost sales and do well in the market. This will only be known in period 7 since the programme has been over with. Thus this remains suspense. 5. CONCLUSION The firms objective was to increase returns and become the largest manufacturer in the industry. The first two decisions made it a little possible but gradually the sales dropped (appendix 6.1) and the growth curve was going downwards. This may be because the firm wanted to play safe with the funds and did not invest in the right areas of technological aspect and marketing aspect. According to the performance summary the firm is forth out of five firms for Alec and Ace. Alfa did a slightly better and is rated 3 from the 5 firms In totality the firm started off well with high returns and declined towards period 5. This may be due to the lack of strategic planning. Although the firm has made a significant profit over 4 years as the initially opening cash balance was 485 million and ending cash balance was 616 million, but debt has increased to 14902 million. (Appendix 6.3 and 6.4) 6. APPENDIX 6.1  Performance Summary Period 5 Firm A Per. 2  Per. 3  Per. 4  Per. 5  Sales ($) $19,478.2 $20,132.7 $18,477.2 $14,461.6 Sales (000s units) 1,229 1,270 1,170 930 Market Share ($) 21.4% 20.5% 20.1% 15.2% Market Share (units) 21.5% 20.5% 18.9% 14.2% Net Income $120.9 $89.3 $-294.9 $-3,187.8 Cum. Net Income $805.0 $894.3 $599.4 $-2,588.4 Stock Price $29.54 $26.44 $20.61 $5.88 Market Value $14,771.0 $13,219.7 $10,305.9 $2,942.0  Return on Sales 0.6% 0.4% -1.6% -22.0% Return on Assets 1.6% 1.3% -3.8% -22.5% Firm Preference 19.0% 17.6% 16.9% 14.2% Dealer Rating 61 61 60 57 COGS 80.1% 80.9% 82.3% 83.2% Capacity Utilization 123.4% 133.0% 130.1% 120.1% Debt $3,897.0 $3,401.0 $4,795.0 $14,902.0 Stock Issue/Purch. % 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% Note: Dollar amounts are in millions. StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304 6.2 Income Statement Period 5 Firm A $Mill. $Mill. Sales 14,462 100.0% Materials 8,259 57.1% Labor 3,768 26.1%   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Gross Margin 2,434 16.8%  Marketing 240 1.7% Research and Development 929 6.4% General and Administrative 904 6.3% Manufacturing Overhead 580 4.0% Depreciation 800 5.5%   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Income from Operations -1,019 -7.0%  Extraordinary Items -530 -3.7% Interest Income/Expense -1,639 -11.3%   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Net Income -3,188 -22.0%  Tax 0 0.0%   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Income after Tax -3,188 -22.0%  Dividends 100 0.20/sh StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304 6.3 Balance Sheet Period 5 Firm A Assets $Mill.  Liabilities $Mill. Cash 616 Accounts Payable 1,684 Receivables 1,128 Short Term Debt 14,902 Inventory 6,152 Long Term Debt 0 Plant and Equip. 11,714   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Total Liabilities 16,586 Depreciation -5,436 Stock ($1 par) 500 Retained Earnings -2,912   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Total Equity -2,412  Total Assets 14,174 Total Liab. and Equity 14,174 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304   6.4 Cash Flow Statement Period 5 Firm A  $Mill. Starting Cash 485 Income from Operations -1,019 Plant Investment -3,714 Financial Operations 8,368 Adjustments -3,504 Ending Cash 616 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304   Product Contribution Period 5 6.6 Firm A Product Contribution  Vehicle  Units (000s) Dealer Sales (mill.) Direct Sales (mill.)  COGS (mill.) Gross Margin (mill.) Adv  Ãƒâ€š Promo (mills.) After  Ãƒâ€š Mkting (mill.) Ace 185 $3372 $0 $2524 $848 $55 $793 Alec 286 $2857 $0 $2925 $-68 $60 $-128 Alfa 460 $8233 $0 $6579 $1654 $75 $1579 Total 930 $14462 $0 $12027 $2434 $190 $2244 Note: Dollar amounts are in millions. 6.7 Per Unit Contribution  Vehicle Per Unit Revenue Per Unit COGS  Per Unit Margin Margin Pct.  Ãƒâ€š Adv  Ãƒâ€š Promo Per Unit Contrib. Contrib. Pct.  Ãƒâ€š Ace $18243 $13654 $4589 25% $298 $4292 24% Alec $9998 $10235 $-237 -2% $210 $-447 -4% Alfa $17908 $14311 $3597 20% $163 $3434 19% Total $15545 $12928 $2617 17% $204 $2413 16% Note: Dollar amounts are per unit. StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304 6.8 Distribution Detail Period 5 Firm A North South East West Total Full Coverage 200 250 150 200 800 Established Dealers 138 165 120 128 551 Coverage 69% 66% 80% 64% 69% Planned Openings -10 -20 0 -15 -45 Support/Dealer (000s) $86.1 $74.2 $96.9 $91.7 $86.2 Units/Dealer 1,509 1,679 1,634 1,944 1,688 Sales/Dealer (mill.) $24.9 $28.0 $26.8 $31.7 $27.8 Service/Dealer (mill.) $1.4 $1.4 $1.7 $1.8 $1.6 Gross/Dealer (mill.) $1.9 $2.2 $2.2 $2.5 $2.2 Dealer Rating 57 57 58 58 57 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304   6.9 Manufacturing Detail Period 5 Firm A Capacity (000s) 1,000 Coming on Line (000s) 500  Vehicle Prod. (000s) Sales (000s) Inv. (000s) Days Inv.  Comment Ace 224 185 125 246 Alec 353 286 94 120 Alfa 625 460 244 193 Total 1,201 930 462 181 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304 6.10 Portfolio Analysis Period 5 StratSim Ind:ind1 Firm:a Period 5 User gre9304

Nepal History, People, Geography, and Economy

Nepal is a collision zone. The towering Himalaya Mountains attest to the colossal tectonic force of the Indian Subcontinent as it plows into mainland Asia. Nepal also marks the collision point between Hinduism and Buddhism, between the Tibeto-Burmese language group and the Indo-European, and between Central Asian culture and Indian culture. Its little wonder, then, that this beautiful and diverse country has fascinated travelers and explorers for centuries. Capital: Kathmandu, population 702,000 Major Cities: Pokhara, population 200,000, Patan, population 190,000, Biratnagar, population 167,000, Bhaktapur, population 78,000 Government As of 2008, the former Kingdom of Nepal is a representative democracy. The president of Nepal serves as chief of state, while the prime minister is head of government. A Cabinet or Council of Ministers fills out the executive branch. Nepal has a unicameral legislature, the Constituent Assembly, with 601 seats. 240 members are directly elected; 335 seats are awarded by proportional representation; 26 are appointed by the Cabinet. The Sarbochha Adala (Supreme Court) is the highest court. The current president is Ram Baran Yadav; former Maoist rebel leader Pushpa Kamal Dahal (aka Prachanda) is Prime Minister. Official Languages According to Nepals constitution, all of the national languages can be used as official languages. There are over 100 recognized languages in Nepal. The most commonly used are Nepali (also called Gurkhali or Khaskura), spoken by nearly 60 percent of the population, and Nepal Bhasa (Newari). Nepali is one of the Indo-Aryan languages, related to European languages. Nepal Bhasa is a Tibeto-Burman tongue, part of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Roughly 1 million people in Nepal speak this language. Other common languages in Nepal include Maithili, Bhojpuri, Tharu, Gurung, Tamang, Awadhi, Kiranti, Magar, and Sherpa. Population Nepal is home to nearly 29,000,000 people. The population is primarily rural (Kathmandu, the largest city, has less than 1 million inhabitants). Nepals demographics are complicated not only by dozens of ethnic groups but by different castes, which also function as ethnic groups. In total, there are 103 castes or ethnic groups. The two largest are Indo-Aryan: Chetri (15.8% of the population) and Bahun (12.7%). Others include Magar (7.1%), Tharu (6.8%), Tamang and Newar (5.5% each), Muslim (4.3%), Kami (3.9%), Rai (2.7%), Gurung (2.5%) and Damai (2.4%). Each of the other 92 castes/ethnic groups make up less than 2%. Religion Nepal is primarily a Hindu country, with more than 80% of the population adhering to that faith. However, Buddhism (at about 11%) also exerts a lot of influence. The Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, was born in Lumbini, in southern Nepal. In fact, many Nepalese people combine Hindu and Buddhist practice; many temples and shrines are shared between the two faiths, and some deities are worshiped by both Hindus and Buddhists. Smaller minority religions include Islam, with about 4%; the syncretic religion called Kirat Mundhum, which is a blend of animism, Buddhism, and Saivite Hinduism, at about 3.5%; and Christianity (0.5%). Geography Nepal covers 147,181 sq. kilometers (56,827 sq. miles), sandwiched between the Peoples Republic of China to the north and India to the west, south, and east. It is a geographically diverse, land-locked country. Of course, Nepal is associated with the Himalayan Range, including the worlds tallest mountain, Mt. Everest. Standing at 8,848 meters (29,028 feet), Everest is called Saragmatha or Chomolungma in Nepali and Tibetan. Southern Nepal, however, is a tropical monsoonal lowland, called the Tarai Plain. The lowest point is Kanchan Kalan, at just 70 meters (679 feet). Most people live in the temperate hilly midlands. Climate Nepal lies at roughly the same latitude as Saudi Arabia or Florida. Due to its extreme topography, however, it has a much wider range of climate zones than those places. The southern Tarai Plain is tropical/subtropical, with hot summers and warm winters. Temperatures reach 40 °C in April and May. Monsoon rains drench the region from June to September, with 75-150 cm (30-60 inches) of rain. The central hill-lands, including the Kathmandu and Pokhara valleys, have a temperate climate and are also influenced by the monsoons. In the north, the high Himalayas are extremely cold and increasingly dry as the altitude rises. Economy Despite its tourism and energy-production potential, Nepal remains one of the worlds poorest countries. The per capita income for 2007/2008 was just $470 US. Over 1/3 of Nepalis live below the poverty line; in 2004, the unemployment rate was a shocking 42%. Agriculture employs more than 75% of the population  and produces 38% of GDP. The primary crops are rice, wheat, maize, and sugarcane. Nepal exports garments, carpets, and hydroelectric power. The civil war between Maoist rebels and the government, which began in 1996 and ended in 2007, severely reduced Nepals tourism industry. $1 US 77.4 Nepal rupees (Jan. 2009). Ancient Nepal Archaeological evidence shows that Neolithic humans moved into the Himalayas at least 9,000 years ago. The first written records date back to the Kirati people, who lived in eastern Nepal, and the Newars of the Kathmandu Valley. Stories of their exploits begin around 800 B.C. Both Brahmanic Hindu and Buddhist legends relate the tales of ancient rulers from Nepal. These Tibeto-Burmese peoples feature prominently in ancient Indian classics, suggesting that close ties bound the region almost 3,000 years ago. A pivotal moment in Nepals history was the birth of Buddhism. Prince Siddharta Gautama (563-483 B.C.), of Lumbini, forswore his royal life and devoted himself to spirituality. He became known as the Buddha, or the enlightened one. Medieval Nepal In the 4th or 5th century A.D., the Licchavi dynasty moved into Nepal from the Indian plain. Under the Licchavis, Nepals trade ties with Tibet and China expanded, leading to a cultural and intellectual renaissance. The Malla dynasty, which ruled from the 10th to 18th centuries, imposed a uniform Hindu legal and social code on Nepal. Under the pressure of inheritance fights and Muslim invasions from northern India, the Malla were weakened by the early 18th century. The Gurkhas, led by the Shah dynasty, soon challenged the Mallas. In 1769, Prithvi Narayan Shah defeated the Mallas and conquered Kathmandu. Modern Nepal The Shah dynasty proved weak. Several of the kings were children when they took power, so noble families vied to be the power behind the throne. In fact, the Thapa family controlled Nepal 1806-37, while the Ranas took power 1846-1951. Democratic Reforms In 1950, the push for democratic reforms began. A new constitution was finally ratified in 1959, and a national assembly elected. In 1962, though, King Mahendra (r. 1955-72) disbanded the Congress and jailed most of the government. He promulgated a new constitution, which returned most of the power to him. In 1972, Mahendras son Birendra succeeded him. Birendra introduced limited democratization again in 1980, but public protests and strikes for further reform rocked the nation in 1990, resulting in the creation of a multiparty parliamentary monarchy. A Maoist insurgency began in 1996, ending with a communist victory in 2007. Meanwhile, in 2001, the Crown Prince massacred King Birendra and the royal family, bringing the unpopular Gyanendra to the throne. Gyanendra was forced to abdicate in 2007, and the Maoists won democratic elections in 2008.

How Children And Animals Are Very Similar Essay - 2439 Words

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Santiago On Monday, November 7th I volunteered at Lakeshore Park with The Dalton Correcaminos. It’s a soccer school that helps the underprivileged kids of Dalton, Georgia. They help the kids with anything they need and it’s all voluntary work; no one gets paid to help the kids have a better day to day life. This experience for me was great because I never had this growing up in New York City, with help like this maybe I could have made better decisions throughout the years. Animals on the otherShow MoreRelatedAnimal Rights And Human Rights923 Words   |  4 Pages Animal Rights â€Å"Nearly as many, 68 percent, were concerned or very concerned about the well-being of animals used in ‘sports’ or contests as well as animals in laboratories (67 percent) (Kretzer, 1).† Many people question whether an animal is capable of thought and emotions. Others feel as though animals are the equivalent of humans and should be treated as such. 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SomeRead MoreThe Harmful Myth Of Asian Superiority1468 Words   |  6 Pages Ronald Takaki point out how there is a big misconception with Asian Americans in toda y’s society in his article â€Å"The Harmful Myth of Asian Superiority.† Stating, â€Å"Asian Americans have increasingly come to be viewed as a ‘model minority.’†(Takaki, 117) Although that is not the case at all, most Asian Americans have to work hard to get to where they are. Moving up is not easy and not something they do to be looked at as role models or as pricks that take everyone’s jobs. They work hard and get moreRead MoreAre You My Mother?993 Words   |  4 Pagessearching for his mother who has left him unattended during the time he got out of the shell. From the very first moment, the hatchling wondered where his mother was and eventually he sets out on journey to find his mother. At first the hatchling meets a cat and ask, â€Å"Are you my mother?† (Eastman, 22). 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Affirmative Action Equality or Reverse Discrimination free essay sample

What is interesting however, is that I am equipped with my usual assume items: GAP my major, extra-curricular achievements, etc , and have the advantage of being mixed-race. As a dual citizen, I can better fit the diverse profile that firms today are seeking. The underlying issue is that these employers are facing pressure to hire individuals that increase the racial, gender, and economic background diversity of the company. Even though it might give me the slight preference I need, I reject the belief that these non- discrimination profiles should be met and instead support the claim that employers should not be constrained in their decision making. Hirers should select applicants without bias and match them with their job according to their own merit and character. Any affirmative action should not be based on gender nor race, but instead should be financially based in order to provide a fair chance for success. The purpose of affirmative action is to level the playing field; to ensure that no matter the race, gender, or economic disadvantage, there is an equal opportunity for everyone. In the context of the hiring process, it means that nobody should be overlooked due to those reasons. According to American philosopher Louis P. Pajama (1 998), there is a division in the overreaching topic of affirmative action. Pajama separates the topic into two classes: weak and strong affirmative action with the distinguishing factor being that weak action seeks equal opportunity whereas strong goes for equal results. This strong type of affirmative action looks to compensate for groups of people that have been oppressed in the past. The advancement of people within the same group that had been historically discriminated upon does not truly aid the issue because those that faced the oppression are not present any longer (Fingers, 1998, p. 88). Such action only furthers the discrimination. Relating this advancement to workplace hiring, employers are pressured to specifically hire minorities or females. In some cases, the employer can benefit financially from a diverse hire. Former Time magazine writer, Lisa Attacked Culled, who was born and grew up in Japan, acknowledges the strong possibility that she may have been a quota hire. She writes that her boss was known for his trend of hiring to increase diversity and that he did receive bonuses for doing so (Culled 2007). The argument is not that Culled or any of the other employees that were aired due to a non-merit reason were not qualified to earn their positions. The argument is that in the process of searching for diversity, reverse discrimination occurred when a whole subset of the population was overlooked due to aspects outside of their control. Stated by American philosopher and Professor Carl Cohen (2003), There is no ethnic preference that can be benign. What may seemingly aid in the erasure of prior discrimination ultimately leads to new, unwanted discrimination. The moral problem here is that if person A is discriminated upon, he is due compensation. However, person A should not be due compensation at the expense of person B. Moreover, preferential or compensatory hiring has an overall negative effect economically. In order to avoid lawsuits and to create an appropriate and respectful environment, companies have to go through a diversity training process (Bergman 2012). In a study on diversity training, researchers found that the negative effects were more than just economic. Management diversity itself has been found to be damaged when firms make the training mandatory. The data collected over 30 years amounted to annual losses of millions of dollars by the hundreds of companies observed. (Dobbin, Kale, Kelly, 2007). Using this information to support the original claim that hiring to meet a diversity profile, we can see the compounding effect of discrimination and how affirmative action for those racially or sexually discriminated upon can be detrimental to them as well. Hiring based on merit and character certainly has its economic advantages. Suppose you have person A and person B. Both have equal ability but person B has a higher skill level than person A. Therefore, you would hire person B because he/she would not impose the training cost that person A would. Also, the time that person A would spend training, person B could spend working Fingers, 1998, p. 282). Of course, the disadvantage to solely hiring based upon merit would be the lack of equality. People with higher skill levels would us episodes go to prestigious institutions with heavy financial requirements. Therefore the individual starting from a lower class family would not have the equal opportunity that someone from a well to do family would. This is where believe affirmative action should be used; regardless of race or gender. In todays world, believe a man and woman equally able to succeed given the same tools and resources. Instead of focusing on leveling the difference teen men and women, we should devote our attention to those resources and in doing so, advance both men and women Minorities and majorities. As a result, we could minimalism the ill effects of reverse discrimination. Promotion and hiring due to nepotism and familial relations is an inherently unfair advantage that decreases the legitimacy of that individuals merit. Nepotism shares similarities to hiring based on a diversity fueled agenda in that the job applicant may not be qualified for the position. However, nepotism differs in that the employer may have a greater knowledge Of the applicants character since they are related. This relation could result in Stability and continuation (Durham, 2014). This personal knowledge could indeed make the applicant more qualified than individuals who are not related to the employer even if they are equal in all other aspects. Therefore, deciding against nepotism is seemingly more difficult and should be taken case by case. In an eye-opening excerpt, Stanford alumni David Sacks and Peter Thiele co- wrote about how the Stanford University admission process had begun to rethink why they were racially discriminated to the benefit of minorities. .. Why should the under-qualified son of a black doctor displace the qualified daughter of a Vietnamese boat refugee? They asked (Sacks Thiele, 1998). College admissions is one of the biggest steps in creating equal opportunity for individuals since an education provides the skills that makes one qualified to be employed. My argument supports the movement for an affirmative action that is based more upon ones financial background and eliminating the related barriers. Strong affirmative action has its g oal as compensation for historical wrongdoings. Believe that this causes more discrimination for hose receiving the action as well as reverse discrimination for those whose opportunity is taken away from them.

Obedience Essays - Neurosurgery, American Psychologists,

Obedience Psychologists, social scientists and writers have long been interested in the whys of obedience and disobedience; many experiments have been conducted to help in understanding these issues and the influences exerted by outside forces on individuals in their decision making processes. Unthinking obedience can be as dangerous as unthinking rebellion in any society, neither is done with self-reflection as a part of the process; however, care must be used in determining the appropriate time for thoughtful disobedience so that society is not destroyed by the dissention. In a short story by Shirley Jackson entitled The Lottery, reprinted in Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum (382), a fictional New England town is introduced in which all the villagers participate annually in a lottery used to determine which inhabitant is to be stoned to death; performed out of habit, it demonstrates ritualized, unthinking obedience to custom. After the publication of the story in 1948 by the New Yorker, many people objected to the perceived implication that the people of New England or America could be as blindly obedient as the characters in the story to any custom, good or bad. As Erich Fromm observed in Disobedience as a Psychological and Moral Problem (377), disobedience is the first step towards independence and freedom. He noted that human history began in an act of disobedience, that of Adam and Eve`s original sin (378), which set man free to develop and grow. One of his main points is In order to disobey, one must have the courage to be alone, to err and to sin (380). Along with Fromm, Solomon Asch, noted psychologist, asserts in his article, Opinions and Social Pressure (336), that it is most likely the case that a solitary person facing a group espousing a different opinion from his own will go along with the group, even in the face of physical evidence showing the group opinion to be blatantly incorrect, rather than face the disapproval of the group. He noted that having one person disagree with the group frees others to disagree as well, and allows them to have a opinion differing from the individual`s as well as the group`s. Asch insists, Life in society requires consensus as an indispensable condition (342). Without consensus, society could never have come into being; compromise is essential to human relations, without it, anarchy reigns. Later, Stanley Milgram, The Perils of Obedience (343), conducted experiments in obedience on subjects who were exposed to authority figures demanding the injury of other people in the experiment who failed to correctly answer questions asked of them. The subjects answered the demands for mild injury with ready compliance, the demands for stronger measures with protest and compliance, and lethal injury in two ways: protest and refusal or protest and compliance. Most complied. Some subjects later tried to excuse their obedience and place to responsibility on the experimenter, but most admitted responsibility for their own behavior. The majority of the subjects committed unthinking obedience and would likely have killed the person they were instructed to injure had this been a test of intelligence and not one of obedience. From all four: Asch, Fromm, Jackson and Milgram, comes a repeated theme of unthinking obedience, of individuals decisions being controlled by outside influences. In Jacksons The Lottery, the social pressures are apparent in the seemingly innocent banter covering the nervousness of the villagers as they gather on the green to await the drawing of the lottery tickets. Fromms position would suggest that disobedience is necessary for the society of the village in The Lottery to progress and grow: unless and until they are able to break away from unthinking obedience to what he calls authoritarian conscience (379), the village will never be able to evolve into a better society. According to Aschs research, if even one person had been willing to face all the other villagers and point out where their society was going wrong, there might have been a chance that others would have broken out of the mold of unthinking obedience and the end result might have been different in The Lottery, different for the villagers as a group and different for Mrs. Hutchinson as an individual. Milgrams research supports Mrs. Hutchinsons being unable to break away from her unthinking obedience; even as the mob was preparing to stone her, she never said that the villagers were doing wrong, just that she hadnt had a fair chance. Thoughtful, timely disobedience is better than thoughtless obedience, as is demonstrated in all of the foregoing works. Compliance and obedience are necessary for any society to

John Pitner as an Extremist essays

John Pitner as an Extremist essays Political and religious extremism has been present for probably the same amount of time as religion and politics themselves and has recently become the focus of a lot of studies, research, and more of the extremists themselves than the phenomena, investigation. Just as appealing, it would seem, is a racist ideology that is so often an affiliate in the meaning system that extremists so deeply believe in. John Pitner, the focus of Lone Patriot by Jane Kramer, was an extremist who, along with his followers and the people whom he followed after, would have been proud to die in a resistance of the New World Order, who truly believed in his cause. From a cultural perspective, John was not abnormal, nor was his meaning system so far-fetched that it would immediately alarm you. He was not big on discrimination, as defined in 1998 in a compilation by sociologist Ken Wilson as the non-equal treatment of a person/s based solely on their membership in a social category, but he somehow maintained a rather ethnocentric view of the world. He didnt object to homosexuals, blacks, Jews, Indians or women. G. Myrdal, who wrote The American Dilemma in 1944, pointed out a typically formatted theory on the treatment of Americans. The first of two components is labeled preachment vs. practice, a concept in which everyone is treated equally and fairly, demonstrated by John Pitner saying in one of his pitches that the Washington State Militia welcomed all races, religions, sexes, and things of that nature. This is where the second part of Myrdals theory engages: ideals vs. reality. This is the part that recognizes that in reality people do not practice equal and fair treatment of each other; this is the part where John Pitner later describes a black man who showed up at a militia meeting to Kramer as an attempt to infiltrate by a black individual. The ideals spoken of as essential and unquestionable, which seem so bas...

Laukemia Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Laukemia - Term Paper Example This factor does not help the normal blood cells to carry out their work. Leukemia begins in the bone marrow and later spreads throughout the body. Mostly, a bone marrow test is carried out to identify leukemia. Both adults and children can develop this disease. â€Å"Although leukemia often is thought to be a childhood disease, in fact, the disease strikes 10 times as many adults as children.† (Leukemia Facts & Figures, n.d.) Though exact reason for a person to develop leukemia is not known, many significant clinical trials have been done on the development of Leukemia. Every year, around 250,000 people are being identified to have developed leukemia and over 200,000 of them die (Vogt, 2010). The treatment methods for this disease are surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy. Though there are many tests to diagnose leukemia, the diagnosis itself may be delayed due to delayed symptoms or symptoms which resemble other conditions. The diagnosis of leukemia may vary acco rding to the kind of leukemia that has developed in a person. Statistics say that â€Å"in the United States about 2,000 children and 27,000 adults are diagnosed each year with leukemia† (Leukemia Information, 2011). Survival rates have increased considerably in the years before due to improvements in treatment. Symptoms of this disease may not be noticeable many times, particularly in chronic leukemia, but people may get symptoms like tiredness, inexplicable weight loss, and fever at times. Other symptoms of leukemia like headaches, joint pain, and pain in the belly due to enlarged spleen may also be noticed. Types of Leukemia Leukemia has been divided into various groups. Leukemia is a term covering four forms of diseases of the blood and bone marrow. These include â€Å"acute lymphocytic leukemia and acute myelogenous leukemia†. These two types of leukemia progress rapidly while the other two types, â€Å"the chronic lymphocytic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leu kemia, progress slowly† (Leukemia, n.d.). Acute leukemia exemplifies swift increase of immature blood cells. Instant and necessary treatment is required in acute leukemia due to this fast development and growth of the abnormal cells. The acute form of leukemia is most common in children. Chronic leukemia is found in those that progress relatively slow when compared to acute forms. The chronic leukemia cells are abnormal white blood cells that take many months or years to progress. The cells are produced much more in number than normal cells. Chronic leukemia is monitored for a certain amount of time before initializing treatment so as to make sure the maximum usefulness of therapy. This form of leukemia is more often found in elderly people but occurs in any age. Leukemia is further divided into various types (What is Leukemia? What causes Leukemia, 2009): 1. Acute lymphocytic leukemia: This form of leukemia is more common in young children. This disease is also found in older people who are 65 years and above. The standard treatment for this type would be chemotherapy and radiation. The rate of survival is 85% in children and 50% in adults. 2. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia: This is most frequently found in adults over 55 years of age. This type is seldom found in children. The rate of survival is five years and is found in adults. It is not curable. 3. Acute myelogenous leukemia: This form is more easily found in adults than children and in men than women.

Anthropology 11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Anthropology 11 - Essay Example He illustrates his stand with the examples of the theories surrounding the evolution of man by starting with the rather shocking theory that we all as humans originate from the continent of Africa This topic is very important to biological and physical anthropology because it explains why we are all so different racially and genetically and seeks to explain with the help of many theories whether Darwin's theory is actually right in saying that as humans we have only recently evolved from apes. He compares the "originate in Africa thesis" with the "out of Africa thesis" where he is trying to explain the origin of our genetics and evolution. The author uses the technique of taking up many hypotheses and theories and assessing their truth and in the end he gives his verdict in the favour of the theory given by Darwin, the Out of Africa hypothesis. " This theory maintains that modern humans evolved in Africa and then spread around the world. Boiled down to its essence, the hypothesis states that modern humans are both relatively recent (100,000 to 200,000 years old) and African in origin. A major prediction of this hypothesis is that the earliest remains of modern humans will be found in Africa, dated to an appropriate time period." The author goes on to discuss the " Multiregional hypothesis" which he argues depicts that we as modern humans evolved from different locations and hence our racial and genetic differences. According to this school of thought "these regional populations evolved along parallel paths and reached modernity at roughly the same time. Because the populations were largely isolated from one another, they developed distinctive regional features, which people recognize today as "racial" differences." ( Multiregionalists believe that Neandertals, originate from the European continent.) He then goes on to say how there are three different recent researches go in the favour of the Darwinian view and oppose the Multiregionalists view which he addresses one by one as: The east african population has been found to be so diverse that the genetic composition of the population" shows that these lineages are very diverse and humans did evolve from these areas.Most of the worlds oldest lineages were found there d 170,000 years ago. Secondly because of the discovery of the "African Herto skullsthe Herto specimens (are) the earliest modern Homo sapiens yet found-direct ancestors of people living today." He concludes that the Neandertals' DNA was not closer to that of the modern Europeans. "The work was a strong blow to the theory that humans evolved in several places simultaneously. "Neandertals cannot represent a regional European transition from Homo erectus to modern Homo sapiens" 4. Did the author address any contrary evidence or the opinions/work of others that run counter the author(s) claims Although he devotes his entire discussion to proving the multiregionalists wrong he does refer to the possibility of " mtDNA contamination from researchers or others who have handled the fossils" but he is quick to provide evidence to suggest otherwise. He does give the multiregional theory its fair share of discussion though.. 5. What were the strengths and/or weaknesses of the author(s) argument

Self-storage began in America Essay Example for Free

Self-storage began in America Essay The Shurgard concept of self-storage began in America in 1970 when cofounder of the company Chuck Barbo identified a gap in the market for both homeowners and businesses with a requirement for extra space. He came up with the notion of mini-warehouses for people with excess belongings and businesses with long forgotten records or documents. Twenty years later Shurgard began to expand into Europe and in 1995 the first European store opened in Brussels. Four years later the first UK store opened in South London and earlier this year the company was bought for $5bn by Public Storage, the world’s largest owner and operator of self-storage facilities. The challenge The growth and success of Shurgard in Europe meant that increasing demands and expectations were being placed on the company’s operations middle managers who were wrestling with a growing number of stores, an ever-larger geographic area of responsibility, increased numbers of employees, decentralisation of country and panEuropean support centres, greater autonomy and reorganisation of roles. Terry Whitney, European Learning and Development Manager of Shurgard SelfStorage Centers, said: â€Å"The business of self-storage was very different in Europe than it was in the US and there were different points of maturity in the market so there were many challenges to face. Most of our attention was focussed on buying property and building new facilities. Suddenly we realised we had a management team that was bright and hard working but had suffered from a lack of development focus.† â€Å"The best result of our partnership with SHL is that the district managers are now motivated because they know what is expected of them, how they will be held accountable and have focused training and development in place. Importantly, they also know what success looks like.† Terry Whitney, Shurgard shl.com Case Study | Shurgard Typical of many fast growing companies, Shurgard realised that it had no consistency of job titles, roles or responsibilities and no standardised job descriptions or job competencies for its staff. In addition there was no formal evaluation, training or development and no succession planning. What Shurgard wanted to create was a consistent layer of district managers across Europe. Some people already had this title but their job seemed little different to a market manager, operations manager or area manager. â€Å"We were promoting great operations people from store managers to more senior job titles with responsibility for profit and loss accounts for specific districts. We also wanted them to lead, inspire and motivate and the more senior roles had a completely different set of skills requirements which we had not measured or trained for,† said Whitney. District managers were identified as the operations critical layer with which to start work. Shurgard felt that if these people could not understand and accurately report on key occupancy and rates figures for stores, then shareholders would not have the confidence to invest money for expansion and more storage sites. The solution This client places people development high on its list of organizational priorities. With an agreed name for the role, the company needed to align the title with expectations and competencies that could be used across Europe and which would accommodate future growth of new stores. The people had to more effectively lead and manage an ever larger number of store personnel at a time of reduced centralised support. They were also required to operate at a higher managerial level than had previously been demanded. Faced with this challenge, Shurgard partnered with SHL – global experts in workplace assessment – to conduct a performance assessment of the mid-management team in Europe. The programme was designed to: †¢ Establish a benchmark of current managerial talents †¢ Undertake a gap analysis to determine the strengths and limitation of the management team against the new job competencies †¢ Recommend how the current managerial team could achieve the new expectations for the district manager role †¢ Assess the leadership potential of the current team †¢ Identify the ideal profile of a district manager for use in future recruitment. Supporting more than 10,000 customers every year Organisations that understand and maximize their people’s potential achieve outstanding results. SHL gives you the insights to make better decisions about your people. We call this People Intelligence, Business Results. â€Å"With SHL’s Universal competency Framework cards, we were able to define the critical behaviours required for the district managers role†, comments Whitney â€Å"This competency model was the hub around which SHL was able to design an appropriate development centre programme.† Individuals were invited to a one-day assessment at an SHL diagnostic development centre in order to see how they fitted the need and behavioural competencies of the district manager role. The assessment included exercises aligned to specific competencies, psychometric tests in local languages, management scenario role-play and numerical, verbal and abstract reasoning tests. Each attendee received feedback from a senior SHL assessor who took them through their results and talked about their development needs. The Results As a result of the assessment, Shurgard found that its mid-management team had a wide spectrum of skills and abilities but also specific patterns of managerial strengths and weaknesses. Recognising these areas enabled the company to target the appropriate training and development to address specific competencies and behaviours. â€Å"Shurgard really learned the critical importance of aligning the district manager job description, job competencies, hiring profile, training activities and performance management processes to create improved motivation and performance,† said Whitney. He added that using the competencies created by SHL also changed the recruitment and promotion process. New recruits are now given competency-based interviews focused on certain experiences whilst promotions are no longer based on length of service and performance alone but on potential against the required competencies. â€Å"For me it’s the competencies – everything ties back to them,† said Whitney. And he adds: â€Å"The best result of our partnership with SHL is that the district managers are now motivated because they know what is expected of them, how they will be held accountable and have focused training and development in place. Importantly, they also know what success looks like.† Case Study | Shurgard Shurgard’s need to focus on developing its managers was being hampered by a lack of consistency in job titles, roles, responsibilities and competencies for its staff. SHL worked with the firm to assess its midmanagement team in Europe and identify the ideal profile for district managers. Shurgard is now able to target management development and recruit more effectively for improved motivation and performance 25 million assessments every year. Organisations that understand and maximize their people’s potential achieve outstanding results. SHL gives you the insights to make better decisions about your people. We call this People Intelligence, Business Results.

Breast Cancer Essay -- Health Breast Cancer Tumor Essays Papers

Breast Cancer There is a large amount of women who are diagnosed with breast cancer every day but they usually do not know a lot about it in terms of how it forms and the many ways it can be treated. Breast cancer is a very serious disease that shouldn’t be taken lightly; if it is left untreated it can spread to other organs and eventually kill you.   Even if you do not have breast cancer, chances are that you know or will know someone who will get it, so it is imperative that people understand how breast cancer forms, know the stages of breast cancer, be familiar with who gets breast cancer and how you can possibly avert it, and understand all of the different ways to treat the cancer and prevent it from coming back. Breast cancer always begins with a tumor much like most other forms of cancer.   As normal body cells, or DNA, grow and divide, abnormalities occur sometimes but in normal incidences those cells are detected by the body or ribosome so the cell then repairs itself or it will disable the DNA and die. Body cells develop and divide often during the early stages of life, after that cells only divide when there are cells to replace from dying or worn out cells from injuries or viruses.   Cancer cells develop from damage in DNA. Cancer cells are not detected as â€Å"abnormal,† therefore, they continue to grow and divide without being destroyed by the body.   Cancer cells have a damaged ability to bond to one another which means that the cells can’t tell each other to stop dividing when there are too many of them; they just keep trying to fill the space which results in a mass of cells forming a tumor. A tumor can either be malignant or benign.   A malignant tumor con tinues to grow and divide rapidly and it may become life... ...the lymph nodes under the armpit and into the breast to determine if the cancer has metastasized. Many things can contribute to the formation of breast cancer, but the actual cause is still unknown although we have found out some things that can possibly reduce the risk of getting breast cancer such as living a healthy life, exercise, and staying away from carcinogens. Doctors have now figured out what cancer does to the body and they have found may treatments that can cure the cancer, if not at least slow it down. It is very important that people are informed on what the different treatments are so that if you or someone close to you gets cancer, you have a general idea of what treatments are available. More and more people are diagnosed with breast cancer every day, but the good news is that the death rate has decreased due to advancements in technology. Breast Cancer Essay -- Health Breast Cancer Tumor Essays Papers Breast Cancer There is a large amount of women who are diagnosed with breast cancer every day but they usually do not know a lot about it in terms of how it forms and the many ways it can be treated. Breast cancer is a very serious disease that shouldn’t be taken lightly; if it is left untreated it can spread to other organs and eventually kill you.   Even if you do not have breast cancer, chances are that you know or will know someone who will get it, so it is imperative that people understand how breast cancer forms, know the stages of breast cancer, be familiar with who gets breast cancer and how you can possibly avert it, and understand all of the different ways to treat the cancer and prevent it from coming back. Breast cancer always begins with a tumor much like most other forms of cancer.   As normal body cells, or DNA, grow and divide, abnormalities occur sometimes but in normal incidences those cells are detected by the body or ribosome so the cell then repairs itself or it will disable the DNA and die. Body cells develop and divide often during the early stages of life, after that cells only divide when there are cells to replace from dying or worn out cells from injuries or viruses.   Cancer cells develop from damage in DNA. Cancer cells are not detected as â€Å"abnormal,† therefore, they continue to grow and divide without being destroyed by the body.   Cancer cells have a damaged ability to bond to one another which means that the cells can’t tell each other to stop dividing when there are too many of them; they just keep trying to fill the space which results in a mass of cells forming a tumor. A tumor can either be malignant or benign.   A malignant tumor con tinues to grow and divide rapidly and it may become life... ...the lymph nodes under the armpit and into the breast to determine if the cancer has metastasized. Many things can contribute to the formation of breast cancer, but the actual cause is still unknown although we have found out some things that can possibly reduce the risk of getting breast cancer such as living a healthy life, exercise, and staying away from carcinogens. Doctors have now figured out what cancer does to the body and they have found may treatments that can cure the cancer, if not at least slow it down. It is very important that people are informed on what the different treatments are so that if you or someone close to you gets cancer, you have a general idea of what treatments are available. More and more people are diagnosed with breast cancer every day, but the good news is that the death rate has decreased due to advancements in technology.

Pros and Cons of Single-Sex School on Students

PROS & CONS OF SINGLE-SEX SCHOOL ON STUDENTS Pros & Cons of Single-Sex School on Students INTRODUCTION Single-sex school has not been a stranger to us even from back in those old days. It practically shows how gender differences and effects caused by it had largely impacted on the society. People learnt how the attraction between Adam and Eve kind brings a lot of many things, including the separation of these two kinds through – one of the most important thing to the society, the education. According to the article ‘What is Single Sex  Education? Defining Single-Gender  Education’ by Amanda Morin,  Single-Sex education are the practice of educating girls and boys in separate classes or schools. Just like many other co-educational schools, single-sex ones are no exception to the ‘villains and angels’ of this issue. There has been a lot of discussion regarding the pros and cons of single-sex school, which would be my focus in the essay. Pro, based on the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, are something that are in favour of. Hence, con would be the opposite meaning of pro, meaning disadvantages of something, issues or problems.Before 1900, education in America was contained largely within a single-sex framework (Bracey, 2007). That structure was the result of societal views, expectations, and opportunities for each gender. As a rule, males required greater formalized education to facilitate their expected worldly occupations, and females received a much less formalized education, rich in the practical skills necessary for their anticipated domestic life. Males and females required such different educational experiences and subject matter that they were educated separately (Cohen, 2000).There were long and storied history in American higher education about single-sex colleges and universities where a few original colleges in U. S. existed – though that is to educate men only. However, in the early 1800s severa l seminaries for women were founded to provide girls with a liberal education. Post Civil War has also produced the women's colleges of the Northeast, whom been wishing to demonstrate that women were as capable of achieving advanced education as were men. By 1950 the percentage of women in higher education dropped to a low of 30 percent, and enrolment at many of the single-sex institutions began to decline.The 1960s and 1970s saw a more pronounced shift away from single-sex institutions toward coeducation. The history of one’s place or issue could probably make us understand better, whereas would help us to elaborate more on the matter. The focus in this essay would be the advantages and disadvantages of single-sex school, from two different perspectives – academically, and socially. ADVANTAGES As we all know it, boys and girls inhibit and exhibit different learning style and learning outcomes. Research has shown that boys and girls brains are different, they are progr ammed to learn distinct ways.It is not saying that one gender is inferior to the other, they are just different. Single sex education has been shown to reduce stereotypes based on gender rather than promote them. Factors such as smaller classrooms and teacher training are factors of a good school and many single sex schools offer those variables, in addition to offering different and specialized teaching styles which also may improve the quality of education. From the book entitled ‘Early Implementation of Public Single-Sex School : Perceptions and Characteristics’ , its study team has contacted all 20 schools the U.S. Department of Education identified as public single-sex schools in 2003. It shows academic behaviours in 164 single-sex classrooms and 45 coed classrooms in the single-sex and coed schools visited. Students in the single-sex elementary, middle, high schools, were more likely to complete homework than were students in the coed comparison elementary and mid dle school, but no study on high school were included. One public charter school in Northeast Indianapolis namely Charles A. Tindley Accelerated School, segregates academic classes for its younger students.Overall, the policy has been positive, resulting in better grades and fewer distractions. On the social side of this matter, Rosemary Salomone, professor of law at St. John’s University and author of the 2003 book Same, Different, Equal: Rethinking Single-Sex Schooling, said that: â€Å"Many students in single-sex classes report feeling more comfortable raising their hands and expressing uncertainty regarding a lesson or topic without fear of embarrassment or teasing from the opposite sex. † Boys tend to soften up and become more collaborative as they can just be boys and not worry about what the girls might think in a single sex setting.Girls become competitive, bold, and a risk-taker which also give girls the opportunity to take on leadership roles and interact wit h women in positions of leadership. National Coalition of Girls' Schools had conducted a survey which 93% of the women surveyed felt that they had more leadership opportunities and that 63% felt they were well-prepared for the â€Å"real world. † DISADVANTAGES On the surface, it is undeniably true that most single-sex schools do well academically, by saying that the gender gap between girls and boys has been overcome. However, by separating them, the gender gap are still there, but not always seen.Over the past 10 years, 130 independent schools that taught girls and boys separately have either become co-educational or closed. Some schools now offer single-sex lessons in an attempt to close the gender gap that has seen girls overtake boys in achievement. This gender gap is about the fact where boys are always lagging behind girls, and if practiced through placing them in a same sex school, it should probably causes the fact that all-boys’ school lagging behind all-girls ’ school. From the article ‘All-boys school are not the answer’ by Oli De Botton, in practice, the single-sex question is a distraction from what really matters.It sounds obvious, but both boys and girls will do better if they are taught better by excellent teachers. That means skilled teachers whom can attract and teach the students well – regardless of their gender. Kids that are able of responding to all learning environments are better, which they can break out from their comfort zone. Let boys and girls learn together, taught by the best teachers we can find. A new report, published in the journal Science, states that single-sex schools’ students are no better educated than those who attend co-ed schools. The study has also noted that a review commissioned by the U. S.Department of Education found only, little overall difference in academic outcomes between children in single-sex schools versus those in co-ed schools. The professor of psycholog y and education at Penn state, Lynn Liben says that â€Å"There's really no good evidence that single-sex schools are in any way academically superior, but there is evidence of a negative impact,† Another disadvantage would be students’ socialization. The article ‘Co-ed vs. Single-sex schools’ by ULS. com has said that a wider range of people allows the interaction of students of both sexes which allow them to learn how to work and talk to people of the opposite sex.This, though does not happen in a single-sex school causing lack social skills of the students of a single-sex school. Furthermore, the all-boys and all-girls situation might lead to other case such as homosexual. Ghanaweb. com has reported that how their Ghana Education Service has conceded that single-sex schools in Ghana are becoming the place where homosexuals breed. Stephen Adu, the Deputy Director General of the GES told Citi News, that he disagree to the way of dealing with the situation with converting such schools into mixed school. Instead he thinks holistic approach is required to deal with the situation.He added, â€Å"I will agree that homosexuality and lesbianism started with single-sex schools. It has become prevalent and so more people have become aware of it. This is just one of the many problems we have in our educational system†. OPINION In my opinion, single-sex school is neither good or bad. It is the matter of how people work, consider and tolerate it. Elizabeth Weil, in her article titled ‘Teaching Boys and Girls Separately’ stated that the United States Department of Education, along with the American Institute for Research, published a meta-analysis comparing single-sex and coed schooling.The authors started out with 2,221 citations on the subject that they then whittled down to 40 usable studies. Yet even those 40 studies did not yield strong results: 41 percent favored single-sex schools, 45 percent found no positive or negat ive effects for either single-sex or coed schools, 6 percent were mixed (meaning they found positive results for one gender but not the other) and 8 percent favored coed schools. I have one friend of mine, ex single-sex’s school student, whom has such different way of thinking. She’s a feminist, has such a hard time trusting guys and has limited social skills.She doesn’t know how to interact with boys especially, even with the girls sometimes. This is what I can see from her. My evaluation and interpretation might be wrong as I am not an expert. As academically, she’s a perfectionist, hardworking, competitive and a bright student indeed. But her low self-esteem and lack of social skills penetrated her from speaking in class as she doesn’t have the ability of delivering what she wanted to say. What I can see is that single-sex school benefit so much on the academic side, as students really focuses on studying because there is no other distraction an d attraction at school.They really want to compete with each other, curious and wanting to know their ability because they think they have the same capabilities, just at different levels. However, it is sad to compare to their socialization, because single-sex school changes the way they think. They got used to the all-girls or all-boys situation that they end up being sexist, which then later lead to cases like homosexuals. CONCLUSION. Boys and girls are obviously different in nature, and vary in their likings and favourites. What people do not know is a little bit of understanding in these differences could bring such a vast improvement on students.Socialization and academic are both important, and must be balanced well in order to have a fully accomplished life. Pros and Cons are unavoidable where we can’t really choose the good one instead of the bad one but to accept both willingly and somehow work with it. REFERENCES References : RMC Research Corporation Portland, Ore. (August, 2008). Early Implementation of Public Single-Sex Schools : Perceptions and Characteristics. Bradley, K. (n. d. ) The Impact of Single-Sex Education on the Performance of First and Second Grade PUBLIC School Students.Kreyden, V. (March, 2011). Multiple benefits of single-sex classes. Retrieved from : http://blogs. indystar. com/ypress/2011/03/01/multiple-benefits-of-single-sex-classes/ Morin, A. (n. d. ) What is Single-Sex Education? :Defining Single-Gender Education. Retrieved from : http://childparenting. about. com/od/schoollearning/a/what-is-single-sex-education-def. htm Weil, E. (March, 2008). Teaching Boys and Girls Separately. Retrieved from : http://www. nytimes. com/2008/03/02/magazine/02sex3-t. html? pagewanted=all (e-news) APPENDICES